TY - JOUR
T1 - Combination of exercise and enalapril enhances renoprotective and peripheral effects in rats with renal ablation
AU - Kanazawa, Masayuki
AU - Kawamura, Takayuki
AU - Li, Lan
AU - Sasaki, Yuko
AU - Matsumoto, Kayomi
AU - Kataoka, Hitomi
AU - Ito, Osamu
AU - Minami, Naoyoshi
AU - Sato, Toshinobu
AU - Ootaka, Tetsuya
AU - Kohzuki, Masahiro
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by grants-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (16300179).
Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2006/1
Y1 - 2006/1
N2 - Background: It is suggested that appropriate chronic exercise (EX) may produce improvements of the physical strength in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Because acute exercise causes proteinuria and decreases the renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate, it is necessary to consider the influence of EX on renal function. Therefore, we assessed the renal and peripheral effects of moderate to intense EX as well as the effects of the combination of EX and enalapril (ENA) in a rat model of CRF. Methods: Male 5/6-nephrectomized Wistar-Kyoto rats were divided into six groups according to the following treatment: 1) no exercise (C); 2) ENA (2 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously); 3) moderate exercise with treadmill running (20 m/min for 60 min/day, 5 days/week) (EXm); 4) intense exercise with treadmill running (28 m/min for 60 min/day, 5 days/week) (EXi); 5) EXm+ENA; and 6) sham operation (S). The rats were then treated for 12 weeks. Results: Both EX and ENA blocked the development of hypertension, blunted increases in proteinuria, reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, and improved the index of glomerular sclerosis (IGS) and the relative interstitial volume of the renal cortex (RIV). Moreover, IGS and RIV in the EXm+ENA group were the lowest among all other nephrectomized groups. Furthermore, EXm+ENA enhanced capillarization as well as the proportion of type-I fiber in the soleus muscle. Conclusions: These results suggest that EX and ENA have renoprotective effects. The findings also suggest that EXm+ENA provided greater renoprotective effects than those of ENA alone, and that EXm+ENA had some additional peripheral effects without any complications in this rat model.
AB - Background: It is suggested that appropriate chronic exercise (EX) may produce improvements of the physical strength in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Because acute exercise causes proteinuria and decreases the renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate, it is necessary to consider the influence of EX on renal function. Therefore, we assessed the renal and peripheral effects of moderate to intense EX as well as the effects of the combination of EX and enalapril (ENA) in a rat model of CRF. Methods: Male 5/6-nephrectomized Wistar-Kyoto rats were divided into six groups according to the following treatment: 1) no exercise (C); 2) ENA (2 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously); 3) moderate exercise with treadmill running (20 m/min for 60 min/day, 5 days/week) (EXm); 4) intense exercise with treadmill running (28 m/min for 60 min/day, 5 days/week) (EXi); 5) EXm+ENA; and 6) sham operation (S). The rats were then treated for 12 weeks. Results: Both EX and ENA blocked the development of hypertension, blunted increases in proteinuria, reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, and improved the index of glomerular sclerosis (IGS) and the relative interstitial volume of the renal cortex (RIV). Moreover, IGS and RIV in the EXm+ENA group were the lowest among all other nephrectomized groups. Furthermore, EXm+ENA enhanced capillarization as well as the proportion of type-I fiber in the soleus muscle. Conclusions: These results suggest that EX and ENA have renoprotective effects. The findings also suggest that EXm+ENA provided greater renoprotective effects than those of ENA alone, and that EXm+ENA had some additional peripheral effects without any complications in this rat model.
KW - Chronic exercise
KW - Chronic renal failure
KW - Combination therapy
KW - Enalapril
KW - Rat
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U2 - 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.07.009
DO - 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.07.009
M3 - Article
C2 - 16461196
AN - SCOPUS:32344440107
VL - 19
SP - 80
EP - 86
JO - American Journal of Hypertension
JF - American Journal of Hypertension
SN - 0895-7061
IS - 1
ER -