TY - JOUR
T1 - Cigarette smoking and mortality in Japan
T2 - The Miyagi Cohort Study
AU - Hozawa, Atsushi
AU - Ohkubo, Takayoshi
AU - Yamaguchi, Junko
AU - Ugajin, Takashi
AU - Koizumi, Yayoi
AU - Nishino, Yoshikazu
AU - Tsubono, Yoshitaka
AU - Shibuya, Daisuke
AU - Tsuji, Ichiro
AU - Fukao, Akira
AU - Hisamichi, Shigeru
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2005 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2004
Y1 - 2004
N2 - Background: We examined the association between smoking and all-cause mortality among Japanese men and women. Methods: In 1990, 18,945 men and 17,107 women in Miyagi Prefecture in rural northern Japan (40-64 year of age) completed a self-administered questionnaire including items on smoking. Cox regression was used to estimate relative risk (RR) of mortality according to smoking categories, with adjustment for age, education, marital status, past history of diseases, drinking, body mass index, walking, and dietary variables. During 11 years of follow-up, 1,209 men and 499 women had died. Results: Multivariate RRs of all-cause mortality for current smokers as compared with never smokers were 1.71 (95% confidence interval, 1.44-2.03) for men and 1.44 (95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.94) for women. Among men, risk in past smokers who had quit smoking for 15 years or longer was not different from the risk in never smokers (RR, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.68-1.39). Of all deaths, 34% in men and 4% in women were attributable to current or past smoking. Conclusion: This study indicates that smoking increases the risk of premature death among middle-aged Japanese men and women and that substantial proportion of death, especially for men, is attributable to smoking.
AB - Background: We examined the association between smoking and all-cause mortality among Japanese men and women. Methods: In 1990, 18,945 men and 17,107 women in Miyagi Prefecture in rural northern Japan (40-64 year of age) completed a self-administered questionnaire including items on smoking. Cox regression was used to estimate relative risk (RR) of mortality according to smoking categories, with adjustment for age, education, marital status, past history of diseases, drinking, body mass index, walking, and dietary variables. During 11 years of follow-up, 1,209 men and 499 women had died. Results: Multivariate RRs of all-cause mortality for current smokers as compared with never smokers were 1.71 (95% confidence interval, 1.44-2.03) for men and 1.44 (95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.94) for women. Among men, risk in past smokers who had quit smoking for 15 years or longer was not different from the risk in never smokers (RR, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.68-1.39). Of all deaths, 34% in men and 4% in women were attributable to current or past smoking. Conclusion: This study indicates that smoking increases the risk of premature death among middle-aged Japanese men and women and that substantial proportion of death, especially for men, is attributable to smoking.
KW - Cigarette smoking
KW - Mortality
KW - Population attributable fraction
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U2 - 10.2188/jea.14.S12
DO - 10.2188/jea.14.S12
M3 - Article
C2 - 15143873
AN - SCOPUS:2642580097
VL - 14
SP - S12-S17
JO - Journal of Epidemiology
JF - Journal of Epidemiology
SN - 0917-5040
IS - SUPPL. 1
ER -