TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterizing graphene, graphite, and carbon nanotubes by Raman spectroscopy
AU - Dresselhaus, M. S.
AU - Jorio, A.
AU - Saito, R.
PY - 2010/7
Y1 - 2010/7
N2 - Recent advances in Raman spectroscopy for characterizing graphene, graphite, and carbon nanotubes are reviewed comparatively. We first discuss the first-order and the double-resonance (DR) second-order Raman scattering mechanisms in graphene, which give rise to the most prominent Raman features. Then, we review phonon-softening phenomena in Raman spectra as a function of gate voltage, which is known as the Kohn anomaly. Finally, we review exciton-specific phenomena in the resonance Raman spectra of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Raman spectroscopy of SWNTs has been especially useful for understanding many fundamental properties of all sp2 carbons, given SWNTs can be either semiconducting or metallic depending on their geometric structure, which is denoted by two integers (n,m).
AB - Recent advances in Raman spectroscopy for characterizing graphene, graphite, and carbon nanotubes are reviewed comparatively. We first discuss the first-order and the double-resonance (DR) second-order Raman scattering mechanisms in graphene, which give rise to the most prominent Raman features. Then, we review phonon-softening phenomena in Raman spectra as a function of gate voltage, which is known as the Kohn anomaly. Finally, we review exciton-specific phenomena in the resonance Raman spectra of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Raman spectroscopy of SWNTs has been especially useful for understanding many fundamental properties of all sp2 carbons, given SWNTs can be either semiconducting or metallic depending on their geometric structure, which is denoted by two integers (n,m).
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U2 - 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-070909-103919
DO - 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-070909-103919
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:79251536123
VL - 1
SP - 89
EP - 108
JO - Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics
JF - Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics
SN - 1947-5454
ER -