TY - JOUR
T1 - Changes in beta and high-gamma power in resting-state electrocorticogram induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of primary motor cortex in unanesthetized macaque monkeys
AU - Honda, Yasutaka
AU - Nakamura, Shinya
AU - Ogawa, Kentaro
AU - Yoshino, Rintaro
AU - Tobler, Philippe N.
AU - Nishimura, Yukio
AU - Tsutsui, Ken Ichiro
N1 - Funding Information:
Two Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata; both aged 4 years; body weight, 7.7 kg and 6.6 kg; sex, male and female for monkeys A and B, respectively; the ages and weights were those at the start of the study) served as experimental animals in this study. All experimental and surgical procedures were conducted in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health and Guidelines for Animal Care and Use of Tohoku University. This project was approved by the Center for Laboratory Animal Research of Tohoku University and the committee of the National BioResource Project (NBRP Core Facility Upgrading Program, Kyoto University Primate Research Institute and National Institute for Physiological Sciences).
Funding Information:
This study was supported by Strategic Research Program for Brain Sciences from Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development , Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Adaptive Circuit Shift” ( 26112009 ) from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan ; and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research ( 24223004 , 26560455 , 17H01014 , 20H00104 ) from Japan Society for Promotion of Science . The monkeys were provided by the National BioResource Project “Japanese Macaques”.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V. and Japan Neuroscience Society
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is now widely used as a means of neuromodulation, but the details of the mechanisms by which rTMS works remain unclarified. As a step forward to unveiling the neural phenomena occurring underneath the TMS coil, we conducted an electrophysiological study using awake and unanesthetized monkeys with subdural electrocorticogram (ECoG) electrodes implanted over the primary motor cortex (MI). We evaluated the effects of low-frequency (1 Hz) and high-frequency (10 Hz) rTMS on the resting-state ECoG signals in the stimulated MI, as well as the motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in the contralateral hand. Following the 1-Hz rTMS application, the ECoG beta band power and the MEP amplitude were significantly decreased. Following the 10-Hz rTMS application, the ECoG high-gamma power and the MEP amplitude significantly increased. Given that beta and high-gamma activities in the ECoG reflect the synchronous firing and the firing frequency of cell assemblies, respectively, in local neural circuits, these results suggest that low-frequency rTMS inhibits neural activity by desynchronizing the firing activity of local circuits, whereas high-frequency rTMS facilitates neural activity by increasing the firing rate of cell assemblies in the local circuits.
AB - Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is now widely used as a means of neuromodulation, but the details of the mechanisms by which rTMS works remain unclarified. As a step forward to unveiling the neural phenomena occurring underneath the TMS coil, we conducted an electrophysiological study using awake and unanesthetized monkeys with subdural electrocorticogram (ECoG) electrodes implanted over the primary motor cortex (MI). We evaluated the effects of low-frequency (1 Hz) and high-frequency (10 Hz) rTMS on the resting-state ECoG signals in the stimulated MI, as well as the motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in the contralateral hand. Following the 1-Hz rTMS application, the ECoG beta band power and the MEP amplitude were significantly decreased. Following the 10-Hz rTMS application, the ECoG high-gamma power and the MEP amplitude significantly increased. Given that beta and high-gamma activities in the ECoG reflect the synchronous firing and the firing frequency of cell assemblies, respectively, in local neural circuits, these results suggest that low-frequency rTMS inhibits neural activity by desynchronizing the firing activity of local circuits, whereas high-frequency rTMS facilitates neural activity by increasing the firing rate of cell assemblies in the local circuits.
KW - Beta power
KW - High-gamma power
KW - Macaque monkey
KW - Motor evoked potential (MEP)
KW - Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
KW - Resting-state electrocorticogram (ECoG)
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U2 - 10.1016/j.neures.2021.02.002
DO - 10.1016/j.neures.2021.02.002
M3 - Article
C2 - 33705847
AN - SCOPUS:85103716612
VL - 171
SP - 41
EP - 48
JO - Neuroscience Research
JF - Neuroscience Research
SN - 0168-0102
ER -