TY - JOUR
T1 - Challenge to metabolomics of oral biofilm -From "What are they?" to "What are they doing?"-
AU - Washio, Jumpei
AU - Mayanagi, Gen
AU - Takahashi, Nobuhiro
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported in part by a Grant-in- Aid for Young Scientists B(No. 20791632 to JW)from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research B (No. 19390539 to NT)from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan, and in part by Research and Education Funding for Inter- University Research Project(Highly-functional Interface Science:Innovation of Biomaterials with Highly- functional Interface to Host and Parasite), MEXT, Japan.
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - There has been extensive bacteriological research into oral biofilm. Most of these studies examined the bacterial composition of oral biofilm and the bacterial species specific to oral diseases. It is thought that the various metabolites, intracellular metabolic intermediates and end-products produced by metabolic activities of oral biofilm directly relate to oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontitis. However, the metabolic properties, including functional metabolic pathways and their metabolic regulations, havenot been clarified sufficiently because the comprehensive identification and quantification of metabolites, that is, metabolomics - or metabolome analysis are technically difficult. Recently, a new device consisting of capillary electrophoresis(CE) and a tim-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) has been developed, facilitating the metabolomic investigation of sugar metabolism in oral biofilm. The results clearly showed that oral biofilm metabolomics is possible even with a very small sample, and that almost all metabolites in the central carbon metabolic pathways, the EMP pathway, the pentose-phosphate pathway, and the TCA cycle are present in the oral biofilm in vivo. Metabolomics using CE-TOFMS may offer a new frame of knowledge to answer the question "What are bacteria doing in oralbiofilm?" from a metabolic perspective, and possibly provide insight into the relationship between the metabolic properties of oral biofilm and the etiology of oral disease,as well as the influences of medicines, such as fluoride, or a sugar substitute, such as xylitol, on metabolism of the oral biofilm.
AB - There has been extensive bacteriological research into oral biofilm. Most of these studies examined the bacterial composition of oral biofilm and the bacterial species specific to oral diseases. It is thought that the various metabolites, intracellular metabolic intermediates and end-products produced by metabolic activities of oral biofilm directly relate to oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontitis. However, the metabolic properties, including functional metabolic pathways and their metabolic regulations, havenot been clarified sufficiently because the comprehensive identification and quantification of metabolites, that is, metabolomics - or metabolome analysis are technically difficult. Recently, a new device consisting of capillary electrophoresis(CE) and a tim-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOFMS) has been developed, facilitating the metabolomic investigation of sugar metabolism in oral biofilm. The results clearly showed that oral biofilm metabolomics is possible even with a very small sample, and that almost all metabolites in the central carbon metabolic pathways, the EMP pathway, the pentose-phosphate pathway, and the TCA cycle are present in the oral biofilm in vivo. Metabolomics using CE-TOFMS may offer a new frame of knowledge to answer the question "What are bacteria doing in oralbiofilm?" from a metabolic perspective, and possibly provide insight into the relationship between the metabolic properties of oral biofilm and the etiology of oral disease,as well as the influences of medicines, such as fluoride, or a sugar substitute, such as xylitol, on metabolism of the oral biofilm.
KW - Biofilm
KW - Carbohydrate metabolism
KW - Metabolomics
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U2 - 10.2330/joralbiosci.52.225
DO - 10.2330/joralbiosci.52.225
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:79952220343
VL - 52
SP - 225
EP - 232
JO - Journal of Oral Biosciences
JF - Journal of Oral Biosciences
SN - 1349-0079
IS - 3
ER -