Abstract
The total hydrodeoxygenation of carbohydrate-derived molecules to alkanes, a key reaction in the production of biofuel, was reviewed from the aspect of catalysis. Noble metals (or Ni) and acid are the main components of the catalysts, and group 6 or 7 metals such as Re are sometimes added as modifiers of the noble metal. The main reaction route is acid-catalyzed dehydration plus metal-catalyzed hydrogenation, and in some systems metal-catalyzed direct C-O dissociation is involved. The appropriate active metal, acid strength, and reaction conditions depend strongly on the reactivity of the substrate. Reactions that use Pt or Pd catalysts supported on Nb-based acids or relatively weak acids are suitable for furanic substrates. Carbohydrates themselves and sugar alcohols undergo C-C dissociation easily. The systems that use metal-catalyzed direct C-O dissociations can give a higher yield of the corresponding alkane from carbohydrates and sugar alcohols.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1114-1132 |
Number of pages | 19 |
Journal | ChemSusChem |
Volume | 8 |
Issue number | 7 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2015 Apr 13 |
Keywords
- alkanes
- biomass
- carbohydrates
- hydrogenation
- ketones
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Environmental Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering(all)
- Materials Science(all)
- Energy(all)