TY - JOUR
T1 - Candida biome of severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) and its cariogenic virulence traits
AU - Fakhruddin, Kausar Sadia
AU - Perera Samaranayake, Lakshman
AU - Egusa, Hiroshi
AU - Chi Ngo, Hien
AU - Panduwawala, Chamila
AU - Venkatachalam, Thenmozhi
AU - Kumarappan, Allagappan
AU - Pesee, Siripen
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the University of Sharjah- Project grant of the oral microbiome research group.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - The protected niche of deep-caries lesions is a distinctive ecosystem. We assessed the Candida biome and its cariogenic traits from dentin samples of 50 children with severe-early childhood caries (S-ECC). Asymptomatic, primary molars belonging to International Caries Detection and Assessment-ICDAS caries-code 5 and 6 were analyzed, and C. albicans (10-isolates), C. tropicalis (10), C. krusei (10), and C. glabrata (5) isolated from the lesions were then evaluated for their biofilm formation, acidogenicity, and the production of secreted hydrolases: hemolysins, phospholipase, proteinase and DNase. Candida were isolated from 14/43 ICDAS-5 lesions (32.5%) and 44/57 ICDAS-6 lesions (77.2%). Compared to, ICDAS-5, a significantly higher frequency of multi-species infestation was observed in ICDAS-6 lesions (p=0.001). All four candidal species (above) showed prolific biofilm growth, and an equal potency for tooth demineralization. A significant interspecies difference in the mean phospholipase, as well as proteinase activity was noted (p < 0.05), with C. albicans being the predominant hydrolase producer. Further, a positive correlation between phospholipase and proteinase activity of Candida-isolates was noted (r = 0.818, p < 0.001). Our data suggest that candidal mycobiota with their potent cariogenic traits may significantly contribute to the development and progression of S-ECC.
AB - The protected niche of deep-caries lesions is a distinctive ecosystem. We assessed the Candida biome and its cariogenic traits from dentin samples of 50 children with severe-early childhood caries (S-ECC). Asymptomatic, primary molars belonging to International Caries Detection and Assessment-ICDAS caries-code 5 and 6 were analyzed, and C. albicans (10-isolates), C. tropicalis (10), C. krusei (10), and C. glabrata (5) isolated from the lesions were then evaluated for their biofilm formation, acidogenicity, and the production of secreted hydrolases: hemolysins, phospholipase, proteinase and DNase. Candida were isolated from 14/43 ICDAS-5 lesions (32.5%) and 44/57 ICDAS-6 lesions (77.2%). Compared to, ICDAS-5, a significantly higher frequency of multi-species infestation was observed in ICDAS-6 lesions (p=0.001). All four candidal species (above) showed prolific biofilm growth, and an equal potency for tooth demineralization. A significant interspecies difference in the mean phospholipase, as well as proteinase activity was noted (p < 0.05), with C. albicans being the predominant hydrolase producer. Further, a positive correlation between phospholipase and proteinase activity of Candida-isolates was noted (r = 0.818, p < 0.001). Our data suggest that candidal mycobiota with their potent cariogenic traits may significantly contribute to the development and progression of S-ECC.
KW - Candida species
KW - acidogenicity
KW - biofilm
KW - calcium-release
KW - dentin caries
KW - haemolysin
KW - hydrolases
KW - phopholipase
KW - protease
KW - severe early childhood caries (S-ECC)
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U2 - 10.1080/20002297.2020.1724484
DO - 10.1080/20002297.2020.1724484
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85079451705
VL - 12
JO - Journal of Oral Microbiology
JF - Journal of Oral Microbiology
SN - 2000-2297
IS - 1
M1 - 1724484
ER -
