TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessing the tsunami mitigation effectiveness of the planned Banda Aceh Outer Ring Road (BORR), Indonesia
AU - Syamsidik,
AU - Tursina,
AU - Suppasri, Anawat
AU - Al'Ala, Musa
AU - Luthfi, Mumtaz
AU - Comfort, Louise K.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgements. The authors are grateful for the research grant from the Partnership Enhanced Engagement in Research (PEER) Cycle 5 sponsored by the USAID and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicines of United States (NAS) under research grant no. 5-395, with the title “Incorporating climate change induced sea level rise information into coastal cities’ preparedness toward coastal hazards”, with NAS subaward no. 2000007546. A visit of Anawat Suppasri (co-author of this article) to Banda Aceh and fine-tuning of the paper took place under the World Class Professor Program (WCP) Scheme B, promoted by the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education of Indonesia (RISTEKDIKTI) in 2018 (contract no. 123.41/D2.3/KP/2018). Digitizing certain spatial data for land use and elevated roads was done under the PKLN of RIS-TEKDIKTI Program grant no. SK.60/UN11.2/SP3/2018 Year 2018, with the title “Mitigating Impacts Of Tsunami Waves On Coastal Structures And Harbor Facilities”. The publication of this paper is also funded by IRIDeS of Tohoku University, Japan.
Funding Information:
Author contributions. S is the principal investigator of this research and led the analysis and writing process. T simulated all the scenarios of numerical models. AS helped to validate the simulation result and corrected this article. ML and MA conducted bathymetry surveys and digitized BA land use. LKC is a US research collaborator for this research project funded by PEER USAID.
Publisher Copyright:
© Author(s) 2019.
PY - 2019/1/31
Y1 - 2019/1/31
N2 - This research aimed to assess the tsunami flow velocity and height reduction produced by a planned elevated road parallel to the coast of Banda Aceh, called the Banda Aceh Outer Ring Road (BORR). The road will transect several lagoons, settlements, and bare land around the coast of Banda Aceh. Beside its main function to reduce traffic congestion in the city, the BORR is also proposed to reduce the impacts of future tsunamis. The Cornell Multi-grid Coupled Tsunami Model (COMCOT) was used to simulate eight scenarios of the tsunami. One of them was based on the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Two magnitudes of earthquake were used, that is, 8.5 and 9.15M w . Both the earthquakes were generated from the same source location as in the 2004 case, around the Andaman Sea. Land use data of the innermost layer of the simulation area were adopted based on the 2004 condition and the land use planning of the city for 2029. The results of this study reveal that the tsunami inundation area can be reduced by about 9% by using the elevated road for the earthquake of magnitude 9.15M w and about 22% for the earthquake of magnitude 8.5M w . Combined with the land use planning 2029, the elevated road could reduce the maximum flow velocities behind the road by about 72 %. Notably, the proposed land use for 2029 will not be sufficient to deliver any effects on the tsunami mitigation without the elevated road structures. We recommend the city to construct the elevated road as this could be part of the co-benefit structures for tsunami mitigation. The proposed BORR appears to deliver a significant reduction of impacts of the smaller intensity tsunamis compared to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.
AB - This research aimed to assess the tsunami flow velocity and height reduction produced by a planned elevated road parallel to the coast of Banda Aceh, called the Banda Aceh Outer Ring Road (BORR). The road will transect several lagoons, settlements, and bare land around the coast of Banda Aceh. Beside its main function to reduce traffic congestion in the city, the BORR is also proposed to reduce the impacts of future tsunamis. The Cornell Multi-grid Coupled Tsunami Model (COMCOT) was used to simulate eight scenarios of the tsunami. One of them was based on the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Two magnitudes of earthquake were used, that is, 8.5 and 9.15M w . Both the earthquakes were generated from the same source location as in the 2004 case, around the Andaman Sea. Land use data of the innermost layer of the simulation area were adopted based on the 2004 condition and the land use planning of the city for 2029. The results of this study reveal that the tsunami inundation area can be reduced by about 9% by using the elevated road for the earthquake of magnitude 9.15M w and about 22% for the earthquake of magnitude 8.5M w . Combined with the land use planning 2029, the elevated road could reduce the maximum flow velocities behind the road by about 72 %. Notably, the proposed land use for 2029 will not be sufficient to deliver any effects on the tsunami mitigation without the elevated road structures. We recommend the city to construct the elevated road as this could be part of the co-benefit structures for tsunami mitigation. The proposed BORR appears to deliver a significant reduction of impacts of the smaller intensity tsunamis compared to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.
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U2 - 10.5194/nhess-19-299-2019
DO - 10.5194/nhess-19-299-2019
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85060968900
VL - 19
SP - 299
EP - 312
JO - Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
JF - Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
SN - 1561-8633
IS - 1
ER -
