TY - JOUR
T1 - Application of the fluctuation theorem for noninvasive force measurement in living neuronal axons
AU - Hayashi, Kumiko
AU - Tsuchizawa, Yuta
AU - Iwaki, Mitsuhiro
AU - Okada, Yasushi
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank N. Sawairi and M. Tomishige for initial stages of experiments; S. Xu, J. Asada, M. Komeno, M. Kakiuchi, and K. Ito for their technical and secretarial assistance; and W. Kylius for editing the manuscript. This work was supported by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) under grant number JP17gm5810009, by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) (grant numbers 26104501, 26115702, 26310204, 16H00819) to K.H., as well as the following to Y.O.: KAKENHI (grant numbers 24659092, 25113723, 25293046, 26115721, 26650069, 15H01334, and 17K19511), the Uehara Memorial Foundation, the Takeda Science Foundation, and the Naito Foundation. Y.T. was supported by the “Program for Leading Graduate Schools” of MEXT.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Hayashi et al. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s).Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-sa/3.0).
PY - 2018/12/1
Y1 - 2018/12/1
N2 - Although its importance is recently widely accepted, force measurement has been difficult in living biological systems, mainly due to the lack of the versatile noninvasive force measurement methods. The fluctuation theorem, which represents the thermodynamic properties of small fluctuating nonequilibrium systems, has been applied to the analysis of the thermodynamic properties of motor proteins in vitro. Here we extend it to the axonal transport (displacement) of endosomes. The distribution of the displacement fluctuation had three or four distinct peaks around multiples of a unit value, which the fluctuation theorem can convert into the drag force exerted on the endosomes. The results demonstrated that a single cargo vesicle is conveyed by one to three or four units of force production.
AB - Although its importance is recently widely accepted, force measurement has been difficult in living biological systems, mainly due to the lack of the versatile noninvasive force measurement methods. The fluctuation theorem, which represents the thermodynamic properties of small fluctuating nonequilibrium systems, has been applied to the analysis of the thermodynamic properties of motor proteins in vitro. Here we extend it to the axonal transport (displacement) of endosomes. The distribution of the displacement fluctuation had three or four distinct peaks around multiples of a unit value, which the fluctuation theorem can convert into the drag force exerted on the endosomes. The results demonstrated that a single cargo vesicle is conveyed by one to three or four units of force production.
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U2 - 10.1091/mbc.E18-01-0022
DO - 10.1091/mbc.E18-01-0022
M3 - Article
C2 - 30281391
AN - SCOPUS:85059305172
VL - 29
SP - 3017
EP - 3025
JO - Molecular Biology of the Cell
JF - Molecular Biology of the Cell
SN - 1059-1524
IS - 25
ER -