TY - JOUR
T1 - Application of positron emission tomography to neuroimaging in sports sciences
AU - Tashiro, Manabu
AU - Itoh, Masatoshi
AU - Fujimoto, Toshihiko
AU - Masud, Md Mehedi
AU - Watanuki, Shoichi
AU - Yanai, Kazuhiko
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank the support of all the staff of the Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, for their support during the study. This report was in part supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Nos. 19650157 for M.T., 16650150, 14704059 for T.F., and 17390156 for K.Y.) from the Japan Society of Promotion of Science (JSPS) and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan, as well as by a Grant from the Japan Society of Technology (JST) on research and education in “molecular imaging”.
PY - 2008/8
Y1 - 2008/8
N2 - To investigate exercise-induced regional metabolic and perfusion changes in the human brain, various methods are available, such as positron emission tomography (PET), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG). In this paper, details of methods of metabolic measurement using PET, [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) and [15O]radio-labelled water ([15O]H2O) will be explained. Functional neuroimaging in the field of neuroscience was started in the 1970s using an autoradiography technique on experimental animals. The first human functional neuroimaging exercise study was conducted in 1987 using a rough measurement system known as 133Xe inhalation. Although the data was useful, more detailed and exact functional neuroimaging, especially with respect to spatial resolution, was achieved by positron emission tomography. Early studies measured the cerebral blood flow changes during exercise. Recently, PET was made more applicable to exercise physiology and psychology by the use of the tracer [18F]FDG. This technique allowed subjects to be scanned after an exercise task is completed but still obtain data from the exercise itself, which is similar to autoradiography studies. In this report, methodological information is provided with respect to the recommended protocol design, the selection of the scanning mode, how to evaluate the cerebral glucose metabolism and how to interpret the regional brain activity using voxel-by-voxel analysis and regions of interest techniques (ROI). Considering the important role of exercise in health promotion, further efforts in this line of research should be encouraged in order to better understand health behavior. Although the number of research papers is still limited, recent work has indicated that the [18F]FDG-PET technique is a useful tool to understand brain activity during exercise.
AB - To investigate exercise-induced regional metabolic and perfusion changes in the human brain, various methods are available, such as positron emission tomography (PET), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG). In this paper, details of methods of metabolic measurement using PET, [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) and [15O]radio-labelled water ([15O]H2O) will be explained. Functional neuroimaging in the field of neuroscience was started in the 1970s using an autoradiography technique on experimental animals. The first human functional neuroimaging exercise study was conducted in 1987 using a rough measurement system known as 133Xe inhalation. Although the data was useful, more detailed and exact functional neuroimaging, especially with respect to spatial resolution, was achieved by positron emission tomography. Early studies measured the cerebral blood flow changes during exercise. Recently, PET was made more applicable to exercise physiology and psychology by the use of the tracer [18F]FDG. This technique allowed subjects to be scanned after an exercise task is completed but still obtain data from the exercise itself, which is similar to autoradiography studies. In this report, methodological information is provided with respect to the recommended protocol design, the selection of the scanning mode, how to evaluate the cerebral glucose metabolism and how to interpret the regional brain activity using voxel-by-voxel analysis and regions of interest techniques (ROI). Considering the important role of exercise in health promotion, further efforts in this line of research should be encouraged in order to better understand health behavior. Although the number of research papers is still limited, recent work has indicated that the [18F]FDG-PET technique is a useful tool to understand brain activity during exercise.
KW - Cerebral blood flow (CBF)
KW - Cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglc)
KW - Exercise
KW - Neuroimaging
KW - Positron emission tomography (PET)
KW - Radio-labelled water ([O]HO)
KW - Sports sciences
KW - [F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([F]FDG)
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ymeth.2008.05.001
DO - 10.1016/j.ymeth.2008.05.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 18539159
AN - SCOPUS:50249184070
VL - 45
SP - 300
EP - 306
JO - ImmunoMethods
JF - ImmunoMethods
SN - 1046-2023
IS - 4
ER -